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Artistic view of a Male Pteronarcys californica (Pteronarcyidae) (Giant Salmonfly) Stonefly Adult from the Gallatin River in Montana
Salmonflies
Pteronarcys californica

The giant Salmonflies of the Western mountains are legendary for their proclivity to elicit consistent dry-fly action and ferocious strikes.

Dorsal view of a Setvena wahkeena (Perlodidae) (Wahkeena Springfly) Stonefly Nymph from Mystery Creek #199 in Washington
As far as I can tell, this species has only previously been reported from one site in Oregon along the Columbia gorge. However, the key characteristics are fairly unmistakable in all except for one minor detail:
— 4 small yellow spots on frons visible in photos
— Narrow occipital spinule row curves forward (but doesn’t quite meet on stem of ecdysial suture, as it's supposed to in this species)
— Short spinules on anterior margin of front legs
— Short rposterior row of blunt spinules on abdominal tergae, rather than elongated spinules dorsally
I caught several of these mature nymphs in the fishless, tiny headwaters of a creek high in the Wenatchee Mountains.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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This topic is about the Giant Water Bug Species Belostoma flumineum

Example specimens

Troutnut
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Troutnut on Jul 26, 2006July 26th, 2006, 3:04 am EDT
Back when I was just starting to learn to fly fish and still kept quite a few fish, I autopsied the stomachs of a couple 17-19 inch brown trout in August and found them packed with these Belostoma flumineum bugs.

I haven't tied a reasonable imitation yet, but if those fish (from a few miles apart on the same river) were so fond of them an imitation is probably a great idea. It would be good to figure out where and when these things are important.

None of the fly fishing literatue I've seen has dealt with them at all, except for mentioning their existence in passing.
Jason Neuswanger, Ph.D.
Troutnut and salmonid ecologist
Troutnut
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Bellevue, WA

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Troutnut on Oct 8, 2006October 8th, 2006, 6:20 pm EDT
I kept a couple of the 30+ trout I caught tonight in a small Finger Lakes tributary for dinner tomorrow. One had an empty stomach, and the other had one little terrestrial beetle and three big Belostoma bugs.

This reinforces my notion that these insects are more important than anyone has previously stated. A couple months and half a continent away from my first experience, I'm still finding them in a trout's diet.

Gonzo, have you ever tried tying up an imitation? It's hard to match both their profile and posture. I'm thinking that the Tyvek you use (which I'm looking forward to trying ASAP) holds some possibilities for this one.
Jason Neuswanger, Ph.D.
Troutnut and salmonid ecologist
GONZO
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GONZO on Oct 9, 2006October 9th, 2006, 9:42 am EDT
I have tried to imitate them. (I think. Is there much of a difference between Lethocerus and Belostoma? I'm assuming they're pretty much the same.) And I'm glad fish eat them--they bite, they eat fish, and they're too roach-like for me to have much affection for them.

Oddly, all of the references I've seen to fish eating them have been in non-angling books. Perhaps the reason is that they are hard to imitate effectively. It's mostly a size and shape issue. I've tried two versions--one dry and one wet. The dry was more effective (tied mostly with foam and rubber legs). The diving/swimming version kept wanting to spin or wobble like a spoon, and I gave up on it without solving the balance problems.

The dry was better, but still no masterpiece. I had to use a much larger hook than I like in order to get it to land right-side-up consistently, and unless I used a pretty stout leader, it would twist.

In the end, I decided that I didn't want to discourage trout from eating these nasty things by providing any negative conditioning with my flies! :) Just a convenient rationalization of a fly-tying failure.

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