Hex Mayflies
Hexagenia limbata
The famous nocturnal Hex hatch of the Midwest (and a few other lucky locations) stirs to the surface mythically large brown trout that only touch streamers for the rest of the year.
Featured on the forum
This species was fairly abundant in a February sample of the upper Yakima.
Troutnut is a project started in 2003 by salmonid ecologist Jason "Troutnut" Neuswanger to help anglers and
fly tyers unabashedly embrace the entomological side of the sport. Learn more about Troutnut or
support the project for an enhanced experience here.
Pale Evening Duns
Anglers usually shorten the Pale Evening Dun hatch to the PED hatch.
Like most common names,"Pale Evening Dun" can refer to more than one taxon. They're previewed below, along with 12 specimens. For more detail click through to the scientific names.
Mayfly Species Ephemerella dorothea dorothea
These are pretty much always called Pale Evening Duns.
Ephemerella dorothea consists of two subspecies, which both produce excellent action. Ephemerella dorothea dorothea is a small species of Sulphur in the East, and Ephemerella dorothea infrequens (formerly Ephemerella infrequens) is one of the two main Pale Morning Dun hatches of the West. The remainder of this page focuses on the dorothea dorothea subspecies, and Ephemerella dorothea infrequens is discussed separately on its own page.
This is one of the most challenging mayfly hatches on Eastern waters. On many streams, it follows or overlaps hatches of the larger, lingering Ephemerella invaria.
This is one of the most challenging mayfly hatches on Eastern waters. On many streams, it follows or overlaps hatches of the larger, lingering Ephemerella invaria.
I keyed this nymph carefully under a microscope to check that it's Ephemerella dorothea.
Mayfly Species Heptagenia elegantula
These are often called Pale Evening Duns.
The spinner falls of this elegant species can be quite important to anglers across the West. Recent revisions have synonymized the Midwestern species Heptagenia diabasia that may be of some local importance.
Mayfly Species Ephemerella invaria
These are often called Pale Evening Duns.
This species, the primary "Sulphur" hatch, stirs many feelings in the angler. There is nostalgia for days when everything clicked and large, selective trout were brought to hand. There is the bewildering memory of towering clouds of spinners which promise great fishing and then vanish back into the aspens as night falls. There is frustration from the maddening selectivity with which trout approach the emerging duns--a vexing challenge that, for some of us, is the source of our excitement when Sulphur time rolls around.
Ephemerella invaria is one of the two species frequently known as Sulphurs (the other is Ephemerella dorothea). There used to be a third, Ephemerella rotunda, but entomologists recently discovered that invaria and rotunda are a single species with an incredible range of individual variation. This variation and the similarity to the also variable dorothea make telling them apart exceptionally tricky.
As the combination of two already prolific species, this has become the most abundant of all mayfly species in Eastern and Midwestern trout streams.
Ephemerella invaria is one of the two species frequently known as Sulphurs (the other is Ephemerella dorothea). There used to be a third, Ephemerella rotunda, but entomologists recently discovered that invaria and rotunda are a single species with an incredible range of individual variation. This variation and the similarity to the also variable dorothea make telling them apart exceptionally tricky.
As the combination of two already prolific species, this has become the most abundant of all mayfly species in Eastern and Midwestern trout streams.
This small Ephemerella invaria nymph was at least a month away from emergence.
See 42 more specimens...
Mayfly Species Leucrocuta aphrodite
These are sometimes called Pale Evening Duns.
This is one of the few Eastern species of the Heptagenia complex to produce fishable hatches.
Mayfly Species Leucrocuta hebe
These are sometimes called Pale Evening Duns.
This widespread species produces more fishable hatches in the East and Midwest than any other species in the Heptagenia genus complex.
I found Catskill brown trout eagerly surface feeding to this species.
I found this spinner on the same piece of stream as a similar dun, probably of the same species.
See 8 more specimens...
Mayfly Species Epeorus vitreus
These are sometimes called Pale Evening Duns.
This is the second most common Epeorus species in the East and Midwest. Most anglers will encounter sporadic hatches of Epeorus vitreus once in a while, and sometimes a more concentrated emergence causes a good rise of fish.
This is my favorite mayfly from 2004, and it appears on my popular Be the Trout: Eat Mayflies products. Check them out!
Its identification is really up in the air. It might be a late-season vitreus dun but it may very well be one of the more obscure species in that genus.
Its identification is really up in the air. It might be a late-season vitreus dun but it may very well be one of the more obscure species in that genus.
See 12 more specimens...