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Lateral view of a Female Hexagenia limbata (Ephemeridae) (Hex) Mayfly Dun from the Namekagon River in Wisconsin
Hex Mayflies
Hexagenia limbata

The famous nocturnal Hex hatch of the Midwest (and a few other lucky locations) stirs to the surface mythically large brown trout that only touch streamers for the rest of the year.

The Tanana River in Alaska

Stream photos

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Limnephilus (Summer Flier Sedge) Caddisfly LarvaLimnephilus (Summer Flier Sedge) Caddisfly Larva
Case view of a Limnephilus (Limnephilidae) (Summer Flier Sedge) Caddisfly Larva from the Yakima River in Washington
This seems to be a young larva of Limnephilus. Although not clear in the picture, several ventral abdominal segments have chloride epithelia.
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27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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Underwater photos by Troutnut from Cayuta Creek in New York

A variety of cased caddisfly larvae, probably mostly Neophylax, have clustered along the backside of a rock in fast water. There seem to be some Helicopsychidae larvae clustered along the bottom, and a few other taxa are mixed in. It's interesting that several larvae have especially large stones placed over the front openings of their cases, perhaps to block the case off for pupation. It does seem to be the wrong time of year for Neophylax to be pupating, but that was the ID given for one of these which I collected and photographed up close. From Cayuta Creek in New York
A wide variety of caddis larvae and other insects have clustered together on the backside of this rock in fast water. From Cayuta Creek in New York

Closeup insects by Troutnut from Cayuta Creek in New York

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Cheumatopsyche (Little Sister Sedge) Caddisfly Pupa
Lateral view of a Cheumatopsyche (Hydropsychidae) (Little Sister Sedge) Caddisfly Pupa from Cayuta Creek in New York
This is the first fully formed caddis pupa (technically, a pharate adult) that I've collected and photographed alive and healthy. I'll put a video of this specimen online soon, too.
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Stenonema (March Browns and Cahills) Mayfly Nymph
Dorsal view of a Stenonema (Heptageniidae) (March Browns and Cahills) Mayfly Nymph from Cayuta Creek in New York
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Brachycentrus (Grannom) Caddisfly Pupa
Dorsal view of a Brachycentrus (Brachycentridae) (Grannom) Caddisfly Pupa from Cayuta Creek in New York
The green blob contained in this case is a pupa in the early stages of transformation from larva to the final stage we generally picture and imitate. This specimen and several like it were fixed to a rock I picked up, and each one had the front of its case sealed off, protecting the helpless pupa from predation. It's neat to see the insect part-way through such a radical transformation. It was very hard to extract this thing from its case, so there's a bit of extra goo near the head from where I accidentally punctured it.
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Male Ephemerella (Hendricksons, Sulphurs, PMDs) Mayfly Nymph
Dorsal view of a Male Ephemerella (Ephemerellidae) (Hendricksons, Sulphurs, PMDs) Mayfly Nymph from Cayuta Creek in New York
The striking coloration of this Ephemerella nymph earned it a turn under the camera lens. It has a different look than others I've collected, but I still might tentatively guess it belongs to the widely variable (and ironically named) invaria species.
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Neophylax (Autumn Mottled Sedge) Caddisfly Larva
Case view of a Neophylax (Thremmatidae) (Autumn Mottled Sedge) Caddisfly Larva from Cayuta Creek in New York
See the forum comments for notes on the identification of this specimen.
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Rheotanytarsus Midge Larva
Here's what lived inside. Dorsal view of a Rheotanytarsus (Chironomidae) Midge Larva from Cayuta Creek in New York
This peculiar midge lived in a case tightly fixed to a rock, with several others of its kind. The case seems to be made of tiny grains of sand. I'm not sure what the function is for the little lines sticking out the front, because they aren't legs.
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Baetis (Blue-Winged Olive) Mayfly Nymph
Dorsal view of a Baetis (Baetidae) (Blue-Winged Olive) Mayfly Nymph from Cayuta Creek in New York

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