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Lateral view of a Male Baetis (Baetidae) (Blue-Winged Olive) Mayfly Dun from Mystery Creek #43 in New York
Blue-winged Olives
Baetis

Tiny Baetis mayflies are perhaps the most commonly encountered and imitated by anglers on all American trout streams due to their great abundance, widespread distribution, and trout-friendly emergence habits.

Dorsal view of a Ephemerella mucronata (Ephemerellidae) Mayfly Nymph from the Yakima River in Washington
This is an interesting one. Following the keys in Merritt R.W., Cummins, K.W., and Berg, M.B. (2019) and Jacobus et al. (2014), it keys clearly to Ephemerella. Jacobus et al provide a key to species, but some of the characteristics are tricky to interpret without illustrations. If I didn't make any mistakes, this one keys to Ephemerella mucronata, which has not previously been reported any closer to here than Montana and Alberta. The main character seems to fit well: "Abdominal terga with prominent, paired, subparallel, spiculate ridges." Several illustrations or descriptions of this holarctic species from the US and Europe seem to match, including the body length, tarsal claws and denticles, labial palp, and gill shapes. These sources include including Richard Allen's original description of this species in North America under the now-defunct name E. moffatae in Allen RK (1977) and the figures in this description of the species in Italy.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
Troutnut is a project started in 2003 by salmonid ecologist Jason "Troutnut" Neuswanger to help anglers and fly tyers unabashedly embrace the entomological side of the sport. Learn more about Troutnut or support the project for an enhanced experience here.

Martinlf
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Palmyra PA

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Martinlf on Jan 24, 2007January 24th, 2007, 10:49 am EST
Someone posted this on another board, and I enjoyed it thoroughly. It left me rethinking several of my usual nymphing approaches.

Here's the link -- just click it
"He spread them a yard and a half. 'And every one that got away is this big.'"

--Fred Chappell
Upnorth2
Wisconsin

Posts: 62
Upnorth2 on Jan 24, 2007January 24th, 2007, 11:41 am EST
All good stuff. I believe it was LaFontaine who did this same thing. When I was instructing for the shop in Washington, I could not stress enough the first idea of false casting. I was a short rod person for a long time for this same reason. Anything overhead, the fish get onto it right away, takes about two or three casts and they know.

All good points thanks....how are the umbrella flies working for you?

On the point of how fish react to flows and currents that was a good section of the fish sitting 45 degrees to a water upwelling. The second hardest thing to get people to understand on the big rivers of the West coast was how steelhead held in them. Often times it was just as easy to let everyone go into the river, read the water and catch steelhead facing downstream when everyone thought they were facing upstream because the water appeared to be flowing that way.

One suggestion: Take walking stick and tie a short ribbon on the end and walk a few runs and riffles. I've foung nice calm slots in the Wentachee River for big steelhead doing this. The same applies for finding seepage springs.....just put on the some tennis shoes and when you wade into some cold water and feel it....you are no doubt near a spring. Once you got some of this down it's all presentation, presentation, presentation. I'm not real fond of books myself. I think people should get out and learn their waters for themselves.

Thanks again...good stuff.

Trowpa
Eastern PA

Posts: 31
Trowpa on Jan 24, 2007January 24th, 2007, 2:04 pm EST
Wow - thanks Louis! Great article.
-Steve
Troutnut
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Bellevue, WA

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Troutnut on Jan 24, 2007January 24th, 2007, 2:56 pm EST
I fixed the link so you can just click it. (Those long URLs stretch the layout. I thought I had that fixed, but I guess not.) The article looks interesting... I'll read it tomorrow when I've got a bit more time.
Jason Neuswanger, Ph.D.
Troutnut and salmonid ecologist
Martinlf
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Palmyra PA

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Martinlf on Jan 24, 2007January 24th, 2007, 3:48 pm EST
Upnorth2, I have tied one mean looking baetis, but have to wait for March to try it out. The net provided a description of how to tie tube bodiz, and I adapted the directions by using superfine dubbing, microfibbets, and thread. A Gonzo style burnt polywing provided just the right wing silhouette. I'll be tying more when I get time; work has me jumping just now, and it's been pretty busy around the house too. But I like the design and think it's going to give some educated fish something new to munch on. Thanks for the recommendation.

Jason, thanks for fixing the link.
"He spread them a yard and a half. 'And every one that got away is this big.'"

--Fred Chappell
GONZO
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"Bear Swamp," PA

Posts: 1681
GONZO on Jan 25, 2007January 25th, 2007, 4:32 am EST
Thanks for sharing this article, Louis. It offers some good pointers and is a pretty good primer for some aspects of nymphing. I do find some of the conclusions to be overly generalized and based on anecdotal observations, but they are still worthy of consideration.
Troutnut
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Troutnut on Jan 25, 2007January 25th, 2007, 5:46 am EST
I just watched the videos. Very neat. I agree with Gonzo that it's too anecdotal to be the final word on any of these issues but it's still a very useful set of observations.

Ideally I'd like to get a lot more of this kind of thing on Troutnut.com eventually. I'll want to be set up for SCUBA diving and have top-notch underwater photography equipment, all of which will be fairly expensive and time-consuming. Hopefully I'll be able to do that in a few years.
Jason Neuswanger, Ph.D.
Troutnut and salmonid ecologist
Martinlf
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Palmyra PA

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Martinlf on Jan 25, 2007January 25th, 2007, 8:01 am EST
Sounds great, Jason. The two points that stuck with me most are the use of yarn indicators, which I've used in the past, but not recently, and the point about tippet size. I agree with Gonzo that the article is too anecdotal to make the broad claims it does, but in skinny water I may lean towards yarn and in heavier flows I may use a slightly larger tippet than in the past. The point about false casting is one I need to be reminded about. Over and over.
"He spread them a yard and a half. 'And every one that got away is this big.'"

--Fred Chappell
CaseyP
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Arlington, VA/ Mercersburg, PA

Posts: 653
CaseyP on Jan 25, 2007January 25th, 2007, 1:33 pm EST
nice when conventional wisdom is backed up by anecdotal research. double rigs can be such a pain, but i will never whine again. the observation about foam indicators bears out my experience, which is why i love foam beetles.

question: false casting--were the fish seeing the rod or the line + fly?

btw, once i was shown how to tie a double rig with the second fly's tippet through the EYE of the top fly. anyone else tried it? did it make the top fly unattractive or more effective? did it affect the cast (make more tangles)? my casts are tangles waiting to happen anyway so i couldn't tell the difference.
"You can observe a lot by watching." Yogi Berra
Upnorth2
Wisconsin

Posts: 62
Upnorth2 on Jan 25, 2007January 25th, 2007, 10:49 pm EST
David,

I agree with you. I think the information has been around for awhile so really what's the problem? This is has been written in how many books and articles? Seems we get another new "authority" posting what has always been around anyway. I was not sure about LaFontaine either since the University of Washington had a good insect department and had studied most of what he wrote about to begin with.

Agree on line also.

Troutnut
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Troutnut on Jan 26, 2007January 26th, 2007, 6:24 am EST
I only fish less than 5x if the line wont physically fit through the eye of the hook. Even if you fish 8x, the trout DOES see the line.


I tend toward using heavier-than-average tippets, too, but there is another rationale for light tippets besides "the fish won't see them." A small fly will drift much more naturally on a really light tippet over any kind of tricky currents. I think this really comes into play for tricos, etc.
Jason Neuswanger, Ph.D.
Troutnut and salmonid ecologist
Trowpa
Eastern PA

Posts: 31
Trowpa on Jan 26, 2007January 26th, 2007, 6:56 am EST
Exactly Jason - that's is the main reason i switch tippet size. Heavier tippet can mess with both your casting of a small fly and - more importantly the drift and/or action of your fly in/on the water. A larger fly will not be affected as much and you can get a way with heavier (therefore safer) line.


The visibility factor is secondary (and the article and some of the posters here suggest it may be almost moot)

-Steve
Martinlf
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Martinlf on Jan 26, 2007January 26th, 2007, 7:37 am EST
Good points all. I think the objections to some of the observations is that the claims were overgeneralized in places--weren't qualified by saying something like, "in some conditions" or "in this situation."

For example, David makes a good point in observing that in a strong riffle a foam indicator won't scare fish, and I'd further note that a riffle can drown a yarn indicator at times, and foam balls are better.

But in thin water and low flows, IF you need an indicator, yarn may be best. I watched a fellow on the Delaware years ago who in low clear water was fishing a riffle using green indicator that looked like a bunch of moss--much like what was floating everywhere in the water. He scored on those very spooky fish when no one else did. Since then I have carried a small bunch of green and brown mixed yarn for the same purposes, and have used it once or twice.

So the article overgeneralizes in a few spots, and insults our intelligence in a few others by telling us what we already know. But hey, it did get us talkin' some and possibly rethinking a detail or two that may keep the skunk away one day.
"He spread them a yard and a half. 'And every one that got away is this big.'"

--Fred Chappell
Martinlf
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Palmyra PA

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Martinlf on Jan 27, 2007January 27th, 2007, 4:44 am EST
Good points. Larry Tullis's book, Nymphing Strategies, has some very interesting comments on tippet size and on kinds and colors of indicators. He notes that educated trout may come to recognize commonly used indicators as a sign that something bad is about to happen to the food being served. In such situations he advocates using a dry fly or something different (such as white yarn or a white foam ball) from the red indicators most are using.
"He spread them a yard and a half. 'And every one that got away is this big.'"

--Fred Chappell

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