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Artistic view of a Male Pteronarcys californica (Pteronarcyidae) (Giant Salmonfly) Stonefly Adult from the Gallatin River in Montana
Salmonflies
Pteronarcys californica

The giant Salmonflies of the Western mountains are legendary for their proclivity to elicit consistent dry-fly action and ferocious strikes.

Dorsal view of a Ephemerella mucronata (Ephemerellidae) Mayfly Nymph from the Yakima River in Washington
This is an interesting one. Following the keys in Merritt R.W., Cummins, K.W., and Berg, M.B. (2019) and Jacobus et al. (2014), it keys clearly to Ephemerella. Jacobus et al provide a key to species, but some of the characteristics are tricky to interpret without illustrations. If I didn't make any mistakes, this one keys to Ephemerella mucronata, which has not previously been reported any closer to here than Montana and Alberta. The main character seems to fit well: "Abdominal terga with prominent, paired, subparallel, spiculate ridges." Several illustrations or descriptions of this holarctic species from the US and Europe seem to match, including the body length, tarsal claws and denticles, labial palp, and gill shapes. These sources include including Richard Allen's original description of this species in North America under the now-defunct name E. moffatae in Allen RK (1977) and the figures in this description of the species in Italy.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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Mayfly Species Paraleptophlebia volitans

Where & when

In 19 records from GBIF, adults of this species have been collected during July (37%), June (26%), August (11%), May (11%), April (11%), and October (5%).

Species Range

Physical description

Most physical descriptions on Troutnut are direct or slightly edited quotes from the original scientific sources describing or updating the species, although there may be errors in copying them to this website. Such descriptions aren't always definitive, because species often turn out to be more variable than the original describers observed. In some cases, only a single specimen was described! However, they are useful starting points.

Male Spinner

Body length: 5 mm
Wing length: 5-6 mm

A species with pale abdomen marked with purplish brown.

Head and thorax shiny brownish black. Legs dull whitish. Wings hyaline, veins pale. About 16 stigmatic cross veins; simple, slightly curved, not anastomosed. Fore wing narrowly brownish at the extreme base.

Abdomen hyaline white on segments 3-7; tergite 2 dark brown; segments 8-10 dark blackish brown, opaque. Tergites with narrow brown bands on the posterior margins, and irregular purplish brown markings dorsally and laterally on 5 and the apical segments. A series of short, lateral, longitudinal dark dashes above the spiracular line, each on the posterior margin of the tergite. Sternite 2 faintly shaded with brown; the apical sternites lighter brown than the corresponding tergites. Ganglionic patches outlined in ruddy brown. Forceps white. Penes separated for about half their length by a V-shaped notch; rather lyre-shaped in general appearance. The reflexed lobes are short, horse-shoe-shaped at the tip, and not visible from above (see fig. 133).


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References

Mayfly Species Paraleptophlebia volitans

Species Range
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