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Artistic view of a Male Pteronarcys californica (Pteronarcyidae) (Giant Salmonfly) Stonefly Adult from the Gallatin River in Montana
Salmonflies
Pteronarcys californica

The giant Salmonflies of the Western mountains are legendary for their proclivity to elicit consistent dry-fly action and ferocious strikes.

Dorsal view of a Glossosoma (Glossosomatidae) (Little Brown Short-horned Sedge) Caddisfly Larva from the Yakima River in Washington
I caught this tiny larva without a case, but it seems to key pretty clearly to to Glossosomatidae. From there, the lack of sclerites on the mesonotum points to either Glossosoma or Anagapetus. Although it's difficult to see in a 2D image from the microscope, it's pretty clear in the live 3D view that the pronotum is only excised about 1/3 of its length to accommodate the forecoxa, not 2/3, which points to Glossosoma at Couplet 5 of the Key to Genera of Glossosomatidae Larvae.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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Mayfly Species Ironodes lepidus

Species Range

Physical description

Most physical descriptions on Troutnut are direct or slightly edited quotes from the original scientific sources describing or updating the species, although there may be errors in copying them to this website. Such descriptions aren't always definitive, because species often turn out to be more variable than the original describers observed. In some cases, only a single specimen was described! However, they are useful starting points.

Male Spinner

Body length: 8-9 mm
Wing length: 9-9.5 mm

Quite similar to Ironodes nitidus, but smaller; a small spine-like structure is present near apex of each division of penes.

Frontal portion of head pale red-brown; a narrow creamy line below base of antennae; area around bases of antennae and ocelli, and vertex of head, quite bright red-brown. Thorax red-brown, olive-tinged; narrow yellowish streaks anterior to fore wing, below wing bases, and above bases of middle and hind legs. Very narrow blackish oblique line posterior to each coxa; apical margins of coxae and trochanters deep red-brown. Pronotum shaded with smoky brown. Legs light red-brown; tarsi smoky, or shaded with olive brown. Apex of fore tibia, tarsal joinings and claws somewhat darker. Wings hyaline; venation dark red-brown. Pale brownish tinge in stigmatic area. About 7 basal costal cross veins; 4 or 5 between bulla and stigma; 10 to 11 stigmatic veins, simple, very slightly aslant.

Abdominal segments 2-7 semi-hyaline; yellowish brown with slight olive tinge. Anterior margins narrowly pale hyaline on tergites and sternites, producing an indistinct annulate appearance. Posterior margins narrowly opaque; a blackish area on this margin, in dorsal portion of each tergite. Tracheae outlined in brownish black; a continuous dark wavy line along pleural fold. Segments 8-10 opaque, slightly deeper in color than preceding segments, and with reddish tinge; pleural fold narrowly creamy. Tails and genitalia reddish to olive brown. Penes (see figs. 108, 109) with a small spine-like structure near apex of each division, which is not present in other species of this genus. Numerous small spines on ventral surface.


Start a Discussion of Ironodes lepidus

References

  • Needham, James G., Jay R. Traver, and Yin-Chi Hsu. 1935. The Biology of Mayflies. Comstock Publishing Company, Inc.

Mayfly Species Ironodes lepidus

Species Range
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