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Lateral view of a Female Hexagenia limbata (Ephemeridae) (Hex) Mayfly Dun from the Namekagon River in Wisconsin
Hex Mayflies
Hexagenia limbata

The famous nocturnal Hex hatch of the Midwest (and a few other lucky locations) stirs to the surface mythically large brown trout that only touch streamers for the rest of the year.

Dorsal view of a Ephemerella mucronata (Ephemerellidae) Mayfly Nymph from the Yakima River in Washington
This is an interesting one. Following the keys in Merritt R.W., Cummins, K.W., and Berg, M.B. (2019) and Jacobus et al. (2014), it keys clearly to Ephemerella. Jacobus et al provide a key to species, but some of the characteristics are tricky to interpret without illustrations. If I didn't make any mistakes, this one keys to Ephemerella mucronata, which has not previously been reported any closer to here than Montana and Alberta. The main character seems to fit well: "Abdominal terga with prominent, paired, subparallel, spiculate ridges." Several illustrations or descriptions of this holarctic species from the US and Europe seem to match, including the body length, tarsal claws and denticles, labial palp, and gill shapes. These sources include including Richard Allen's original description of this species in North America under the now-defunct name E. moffatae in Allen RK (1977) and the figures in this description of the species in Italy.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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Millcreek has attached these 7 pictures to aid in identification. The message is below.
Entoman
Entoman's profile picture
Northern CA & ID

Posts: 2604
Entoman on Jan 7, 2016January 7th, 2016, 10:23 pm EST
Mark,

Do you think you have both present? I'd go more by emergence and size if I were you as I know you are pretty intimate with the fauna in that river. If these are larger and emerge (mature) much earlier, and for a brief period - you are probably right. My point was not to doubt your diagnosis but rather to mention the frustration/futility of using taxonomic characters to verify it at the present time. ;)

Paul,

They emerge in typical ephemerellid fashion. The big difference is when they are hatching. The duns rarely spend as much time on the water as their earlier hatching counterparts, I assume due to the drier, warmer air. The fish are also quite aware of our attempts to fool them with dry flies by then. "Lightly fished" is a relative term. Hoardes of anglers are not necessary to educate them at least somewhat. Many times I have fished a pool and hammered the fish only to return and find them more difficult, even though the same conditions prevailed.
"It's not that I find fishing so important, it's just that I find all other endeavors of Man equally unimportant... And not nearly as much fun!" Robert Traver, Anatomy of a Fisherman
Millcreek
Healdsburg, CA

Posts: 344
Millcreek on Jan 8, 2016January 8th, 2016, 6:14 am EST
Kurt,

I don't think both are present as there only seems to be one cohort of the nymphs, they emerge early and only for a short period of time.

I don't really care if you doubt my conclusions.:) That's part of what makes this forum good. I tend to come off terse sometimes and forget to put in a smiley face.
"If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it?"
-Albert Einstein
Wbranch
Wbranch's profile picture
York & Starlight PA

Posts: 2635
Wbranch on Jan 8, 2016January 8th, 2016, 7:39 am EST
one cohort of the nymphs


I always thought the word "cohort" was a group of people or a companion. I wasn't aware of using it to describe a group of nymphs. I actually learned something today.

I tend to come off terse sometimes and forget to put in a smiley face.
No way, really?
Catskill fly fisher for fifty-five years.
PaulRoberts
PaulRoberts's profile picture
Colorado

Posts: 1776
PaulRoberts on Jan 8, 2016January 8th, 2016, 8:16 am EST
Kurt, yeah, both "sulphers" as we called them (invaria and dorothea) do tend to come off at the heads of pools -esp invaria, they even from turbulent runs. You are likely right that the speed at which they come off may explain a lot of it. I also remember "rises" could be explosive then -probably the trout chasing nymphs up.

But... as to fishing pressure, these streams were hit much harder (and not all that hard) during the subvaria emergences and I don't remember the fish being difficult with subvaria. However, subvaria didn't come off in the numbers or duration (month or more) that dorothea did. Warmer water and associated rapid emergence as well as emergence density probably accounts for the majority of the difficulty on the waters I fished most regularly.
Millcreek
Healdsburg, CA

Posts: 344
Millcreek on Jan 8, 2016January 8th, 2016, 10:04 am EST
Matt,

No way, really?


Yeah, really.:)
"If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it?"
-Albert Einstein
Wbranch
Wbranch's profile picture
York & Starlight PA

Posts: 2635
Wbranch on Jan 8, 2016January 8th, 2016, 2:46 pm EST
Just bustin' you! I think you knew that. When I was younger I used to think about saying some things but always held my tongue or in this case my keystrokes. Maybe it has something to do with aging but now I am more apt to just let it out as long as I know it won't hurt someone's feelings.
Catskill fly fisher for fifty-five years.

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