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Artistic view of a Male Pteronarcys californica (Pteronarcyidae) (Giant Salmonfly) Stonefly Adult from the Gallatin River in Montana
Salmonflies
Pteronarcys californica

The giant Salmonflies of the Western mountains are legendary for their proclivity to elicit consistent dry-fly action and ferocious strikes.

27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
Troutnut is a project started in 2003 by salmonid ecologist Jason "Troutnut" Neuswanger to help anglers and fly tyers unabashedly embrace the entomological side of the sport. Learn more about Troutnut or support the project for an enhanced experience here.

Mayfly Species Eurylophella bicolor (Chocolate Duns)

According to the Leonards in Mayflies: An Angler's Study of Trout Water Ephemeroptera , this species and Eurylophella bicolor are the two most likely hatches for fly fishermen to encounter in Michigan. Based on my sampling, it seems other species may be more prevalent elsewhere.

Where & when

Time of year : May and June

In 15 records from GBIF, adults of this species have been collected during June (47%), July (33%), May (13%), and August (7%).

In 5 records from GBIF, this species has been collected at elevations ranging from 26 to 1270 ft, with an average (median) of 699 ft.

Species Range

Hatching behavior

Time of day : Early afternoon

Physical description

Most physical descriptions on Troutnut are direct or slightly edited quotes from the original scientific sources describing or updating the species, although there may be errors in copying them to this website. Such descriptions aren't always definitive, because species often turn out to be more variable than the original describers observed. In some cases, only a single specimen was described! However, they are useful starting points.

Male Spinner

Described in Needham et al (1935) as Ephemerella bicolor
Body length: 5-7 mm
Wing length: 6-7 mm

A member of the bicolor (now a synonym of Eurylophella bicolor) group; imago paler than other related species.

Head of male light brown. Thorax dark reddish brown. Legs pale yellow; coxae tinged with brown, and with black spots. Tinges of red may be present near the apex of each femur. Wings hyaline; venation hyaline. Stigmatic cross veins anastomosed. Abdominal tergites pale reddish brown with a distinct tinge of olive-brown. Blackish streaks near the pleural fold, and in some specimens a paler mid-dorsal line margined by interrupted blackish submedian streaks. Ventrally pale, the basal sternites slightly tinged with brown. Tracheae appear as fine dark lines. Tails pale yellowish white, the joinings purplish red.

Female Spinner

Described in Needham et al (1935) as Ephemerella bicolor

Head of female pale yellow.

Nymph

Described in Needham et al (1935) as Ephemerella bicolor

Nymph variable in both size and color. The occipital tubercles are wanting in the male nymph, and much reduced in the female. The rows of dorsal spines are distinctly divergent toward the rear, with a rather abrupt increase in the space between them on tergite 5. The spines on tergites 1-3 are short and chunky, and barely tapering. Postero-lateral spines on segments 2 and 3 are very poorly developed; these spines are well developed on the posterior segments, tipped with black and gracefully curved. The margins are set with short spinules, between which are long hairs. Color very variable, as is also the size. Pale specimens are strikingly marked with dark brown on the thorax and the posterior abdominal tergites. Legs distinctly banded. An oval patch is often present near the middle of the operculum. The usual four dots in a curved row, and the dark lateral dashes, are present in most specimens. Tails brownish, with indications of pale cross bands. Fore leg as in fig. 62e.


Start a Discussion of Eurylophella bicolor

References

Mayfly Species Eurylophella bicolor (Chocolate Duns)

Species Range
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