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Artistic view of a Male Pteronarcys californica (Pteronarcyidae) (Giant Salmonfly) Stonefly Adult from the Gallatin River in Montana
Salmonflies
Pteronarcys californica

The giant Salmonflies of the Western mountains are legendary for their proclivity to elicit consistent dry-fly action and ferocious strikes.

I spent more than an hour casting to several rising trout in this pool and caught only two. Its clear water and tricky currents harbor dozens of free-rising, usually very hard-to-catch fish. From Enfield Creek in New York

Stream photos

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Female Sweltsa borealis (Boreal Sallfly) Stonefly AdultFemale Sweltsa borealis (Boreal Sallfly) Stonefly Adult
Lateral view of a Female Sweltsa borealis (Chloroperlidae) (Boreal Sallfly) Stonefly Adult from Harris Creek in Washington
I was not fishing, but happened to be at an unrelated social event on a hill above this tiny creek (which I never even saw) when this stonefly flew by me. I assume it came from there. Some key characteristics are tricky to follow, but process of elimination ultimately led me to Sweltsa borealis. It is reassuringly similar to this specimen posted by Bob Newell years ago. It is also so strikingly similar to this nymph from the same river system that I'm comfortable identifying that nymph from this adult. I was especially pleased with the closeup photo of four mites parasitizing this one.
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27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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Stonefly Genus Leuctra (Needleflies)

Ernest Schwiebert notes in Matching the Hatch that trout are very fond of these uncommon stoneflies when they are available.

Where & when

In 26 records from GBIF, adults of this genus have been collected during June (42%), August (27%), May (19%), and July (12%).

In 8 records from GBIF, this genus has been collected at elevations ranging from 52 to 4203 ft, with an average (median) of 1394 ft.

Genus Range
Map of specific collection sites

Start a Discussion of Leuctra

References

Stonefly Genus Leuctra (Needleflies)

Taxonomy
  1. Kingdom Animalia (Animals)
  2. » Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)
  3. » Class Insecta (Insects)
  4. » Order Plecoptera (Stoneflies)
  5. » Family Leuctridae (Needleflies)
  6. » Genus Leuctra (Needleflies)
Species in Leuctra
Leuctra carolinensisCarolina Needleflies
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Leuctra duplicataAtlantic Needleflies
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Leuctra ferrugineaEastern Needleflies
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Leuctra mariaNortheastern Needleflies
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Leuctra mohaBlackwater Needleflies
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Leuctra sibleyiBrook Needleflies
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Leuctra tenellaBroad-lobed Needleflies
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Leuctra trilobaThree-lobed Needleflies
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Leuctra variabilisVariable Needleflies
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Species in Leuctra: Leuctra carolinensis, Leuctra duplicata, Leuctra ferruginea, Leuctra maria, Leuctra moha, Leuctra sibleyi, Leuctra tenella, Leuctra triloba, Leuctra variabilis
17 species (Leuctra alabama, Leuctra alexanderi, Leuctra alta, Leuctra baddecka, Leuctra biloba, Leuctra cottaquilla, Leuctra crossi, Leuctra grandis, Leuctra laura, Leuctra mitchellensis, Leuctra monticola, Leuctra nephophila, Leuctra paleo, Leuctra rickeri, Leuctra szczytkoi, Leuctra tenius, and Leuctra truncata) aren't included.
Genus Range
Map of specific collection sites
Common Names
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