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Lateral view of a Male Baetis (Baetidae) (Blue-Winged Olive) Mayfly Dun from Mystery Creek #43 in New York
Blue-winged Olives
Baetis

Tiny Baetis mayflies are perhaps the most commonly encountered and imitated by anglers on all American trout streams due to their great abundance, widespread distribution, and trout-friendly emergence habits.

Lateral view of a Psychodidae True Fly Larva from Mystery Creek #308 in Washington
This wild-looking little thing completely puzzled me. At first I was thinking beetle or month larva, until I got a look at the pictures on the computer screen. I made a couple of incorrect guesses before entomologist Greg Courtney pointed me in the right direction with Psychodidae. He suggested a possible genus of Thornburghiella, but could not rule out some other members of the tribe Pericomini.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
Troutnut is a project started in 2003 by salmonid ecologist Jason "Troutnut" Neuswanger to help anglers and fly tyers unabashedly embrace the entomological side of the sport. Learn more about Troutnut or support the project for an enhanced experience here.

March Browns and Cahills

This common name refers to only one genus. Click its scientific name to learn more.

Mayfly Genus Stenonema

These are pretty much always called March Browns and Cahills.
Many of America's traditional flies, like the March Brown and the Light and Dark Cahills, originated in the Catskills to imitate the mayflies of this genus. Caucci and Nastasi wrote of them in Hatches II:

"There is a matrimony between Stenonema flies and Catskill rivers that is as synonymous as ham and eggs."


By far the most important species is Stenonema vicarium, variants of which are known to anglers as the March Brown and Gray Fox. Of the others in the "Cahill" group, Stenonema ithaca is the next most important, along with Stenonema modestum and Stenonema pulchellum, which also produce localized fishable hatches. These lesser species together with a few species of Stenacron and the Stenonema femoratum represent the sporadic Light Cahill hatches on evenings in late Spring that often continue throughout the Summer.
Lateral view of a Female Stenonema (Heptageniidae) (March Browns and Cahills) Mayfly Dun from the Namekagon River in Wisconsin
Lateral view of a Female Stenonema vicarium (Heptageniidae) (March Brown) Mayfly Spinner from the Namekagon River in Wisconsin
I collected this mayfly on the same trip as a male of the same species. They are Maccaffertium vicarium mayflies of the type formerly known as Stenonema fuscom, the "Gray Fox."
Lateral view of a Stenonema ithaca (Heptageniidae) (Light Cahill) Mayfly Nymph from Paradise Creek in Pennsylvania
This specimen seems to be of the same species as a dun I photographed which emerged from another nymph in the same sample.

References

  • Caucci, Al and Nastasi, Bob. 2004. Hatches II. The Lyons Press.

March Browns and Cahills

Scientific Name
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