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Artistic view of a Male Pteronarcys californica (Pteronarcyidae) (Giant Salmonfly) Stonefly Adult from the Gallatin River in Montana
Salmonflies
Pteronarcys californica

The giant Salmonflies of the Western mountains are legendary for their proclivity to elicit consistent dry-fly action and ferocious strikes.

Dorsal view of a Zapada cinctipes (Nemouridae) (Tiny Winter Black) Stonefly Nymph from the Yakima River in Washington
Nymphs of this species were fairly common in late-winter kick net samples from the upper Yakima River. Although I could not find a key to species of Zapada nymphs, a revision of the Nemouridae family by Baumann (1975) includes the following helpful sentence: "2 cervical gills on each side of midline, 1 arising inside and 1 outside of lateral cervical sclerites, usually single and elongate, sometimes constricted but with 3 or 4 branches arising beyond gill base in Zapada cinctipes." This specimen clearly has the branches and is within the range of that species.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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Mayfly Species Sparbarus flavus (Angler's Curses)

Species Range

Physical description

Most physical descriptions on Troutnut are direct or slightly edited quotes from the original scientific sources describing or updating the species, although there may be errors in copying them to this website. Such descriptions aren't always definitive, because species often turn out to be more variable than the original describers observed. In some cases, only a single specimen was described! However, they are useful starting points.

Male Spinner

Described in Needham et al (1935) as Brachycercus flavus
Body length: 3 mm
Wing length: 3 mm

Mesonotum straw to canary yellow; fore femur light purplish brown; abdomen pale whitish, tergites 8-10 with a black mid-dorsal streak.

Male—Head pale red-brown; a narrow black median line on vertex, and a transverse black line between ocelli; eyes black, lateral ocelli grey; antennae whitish. Pronotum yellowish, shaded with faint purplish brown in median area, around base of leg, and on the lateral and posterior margins. Mesonotum straw to canary yellow, deeper yellow posteriorly; median line, and suture on each side of this, narrowly blackish brown, most evident near center of sclerite. Metanotum bright yellow, shaded with purplish brown in the posterior half. Pleura yellow; a smoky mark below each wing; antero-lateral area above sternum shaded with purplish brown. Sternum yellow; anterior margin and antero-lateral areas of mesosternum shaded with purplish brown. Fore coxa and femur light purplish brown; tibia pale smoky at base, becoming silvery white apically; tarsus silvery white. Middle and hind legs wholly whitish. Wings semi-hyaline whitish; subcosta and radius shaded with purplish, which in the region of the bulla forms a faint wash in the costal space, leaving hyaline areas at base and apex of this space; all longitudinal veins in anterior half of wing purplish, the color fading out toward the margin: other veins colorless.

Abdomen hyaline, pale creamy whitish; basal tergites shaded with smoky in the median area; tergites 8-10, and posterior half of 7, with a narrow purplish black middorsal streak. No other markings. Tails white. Genitalia as in fig. 160.

This species, most closely allied to B. prudens (now a synonym of Susperatus prudens), may be distinguished from it by bright yellow of the thorax, the slightly darker fore femur, the black mid-dorsal streak on the apical abdominal tergites, and the slightly longer male forceps. It is smaller than other described species in our fauna.


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References

Mayfly Species Sparbarus flavus (Angler's Curses)

Taxonomy
Species Range
Common Name
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