Lateral view of a Female Hexagenia limbata (Ephemeridae) (Hex) Mayfly Dun from the Namekagon River in Wisconsin

Hex Mayflies
Hexagenia limbata

The famous nocturnal Hex hatch of the Midwest (and a few other lucky locations) stirs to the surface mythically large brown trout that only touch streamers for the rest of the year.

The trees were leafing out and the trout were rising on this productive Wisconsin stream

From the Namekagon River in Wisconsin

Stream photos

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Zapada cinctipes (Tiny Winter Black) Stonefly Nymph Zapada cinctipes (Tiny Winter Black) Stonefly Nymph

Dorsal view of a Zapada cinctipes (Nemouridae) (Tiny Winter Black) Stonefly Nymph from the Yakima River in Washington

Nymphs of this species were fairly common in late-winter kick net samples from the upper Yakima River. Although I could not find a key to species of Zapada nymphs, a revision of the Nemouridae family by Baumann (1975) includes the following helpful sentence: "2 cervical gills on each side of midline, 1 arising inside and 1 outside of lateral cervical sclerites, usually single and elongate, sometimes constricted but with 3 or 4 branches arising beyond gill base in Zapada cinctipes." This specimen clearly has the branches and is within the range of that species.

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27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.

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Caddisfly Species Arctopsyche irrorata (Great Gray Spotted Sedges)

Where & when

In 7 records from GBIF, adults of this species have been collected during May (43%), June (29%), July (14%), and April (14%).

In 10 records from GBIF, this species has been collected at elevations ranging from 1319 to 4209 ft, with an average (median) of 2546 ft.

Species Range

source

Map of specific collection sites

Identification

Species ID from GBIFthe Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Source: Description of the female of Parapsyche cardis Ross (Hydropsychidae: Arctopsychinae) and a revised key to the genera of Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia) of the southeastern United States, using wing characters

Diagnosis. The hind wing crossveins sc-r and r-rs are not coincident in their insertion on R, the insertions being separated by at least the length of crossvein r-rs. The female genitalia lack paired sclerotized projections internally.

Physical description

Most physical descriptions on Troutnut are direct or slightly edited quotes from the original scientific sources describing or updating the species, although there may be errors in copying them to this website. Such descriptions aren't always definitive, because species often turn out to be more variable than the original describers observed. In some cases, only a single specimen was described! However, they are useful starting points.

Description from GBIFthe Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Source: Description of the female of Parapsyche cardis Ross (Hydropsychidae: Arctopsychinae) and a revised key to the genera of Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia) of the southeastern United States, using wing characters

Description. Wings (Figs. 17, 28): fwl = 16.5 – 20.5 mm; ? = 1.16 (N = 21). Fore-wings sub-hyaline, infuscate with mottling of yellow spots, shape typical for subfamily. Hind wings uniformly lightly infuscate, immaculate. Female genitalia (Figs. 19 – 20): In cleared specimens in lateral view (Fig. 19), abdominal segment IX anteriorly with strongly sloping lateral margins forming acute angle of approximately 45 with ventral sclerites; convex dorsum half as long as height of segment IX; in caudal view (Fig. 20), dorsum convex. Prominent articulation ventrolaterally between segment IX and segment X, with segments IX and X strongly sclerotized. Segment IX posteroventrolaterally with pair of small sclerotized ridges (sr), each bearing row of setae. In ventrocaudal view of cleared genitalia, horseshoe-shaped sclerite present in dorsal membrane of segment X, located medially between dorsal processes (dp) of segment X. Cleared specimens internally and ventrally with weakly to moderately sclerotized curtain of membrane projecting anterad.