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Lateral view of a Female Hexagenia limbata (Ephemeridae) (Hex) Mayfly Dun from the Namekagon River in Wisconsin
Hex Mayflies
Hexagenia limbata

The famous nocturnal Hex hatch of the Midwest (and a few other lucky locations) stirs to the surface mythically large brown trout that only touch streamers for the rest of the year.

Dorsal view of a Ephemerella mucronata (Ephemerellidae) Mayfly Nymph from the Yakima River in Washington
This is an interesting one. Following the keys in Merritt R.W., Cummins, K.W., and Berg, M.B. (2019) and Jacobus et al. (2014), it keys clearly to Ephemerella. Jacobus et al provide a key to species, but some of the characteristics are tricky to interpret without illustrations. If I didn't make any mistakes, this one keys to Ephemerella mucronata, which has not previously been reported any closer to here than Montana and Alberta. The main character seems to fit well: "Abdominal terga with prominent, paired, subparallel, spiculate ridges." Several illustrations or descriptions of this holarctic species from the US and Europe seem to match, including the body length, tarsal claws and denticles, labial palp, and gill shapes. These sources include including Richard Allen's original description of this species in North America under the now-defunct name E. moffatae in Allen RK (1977) and the figures in this description of the species in Italy.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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Stonefly Species Sierracapnia yosemite (Little Snowflies)

Species Range

Physical description

Most physical descriptions on Troutnut are direct or slightly edited quotes from the original scientific sources describing or updating the species, although there may be errors in copying them to this website. Such descriptions aren't always definitive, because species often turn out to be more variable than the original describers observed. In some cases, only a single specimen was described! However, they are useful starting points.

Source: Sierracapnia, A New Genus Of Capniidae (Plecoptera) From Western North America

Male. Tergum 7 knob tall, thin, and narrowly divided at apex (knob height 30 - 35 % of segment 7 height; knob width 14 - 15 % of segment 7 width) (Figs. 34, 37). Epiproct in dorsal view with uniform width along length, maximum width 18 - 24 % of epiproct length; maximum width occurs anterior of mid epiproct; apex rounded or wedge-shaped, with a long thin posterior-projecting lobe (Fig. 35); dorsal membrane light colored. Epiproct in lateral view with a shallow reverse (S-shaped) curve dorsally and deep curve ventrally; maximum depth 25 - 30 % of length; maximum depth occurs in anterior third of epiproct; apex elongated and raised, with thin median lip that wraps around tip of eversible crest; neck narrow (Figs. 34, 36). Dorsolateral horns arch high above main epiproct body, exposing membrane of eversible crest in lateral view; horn length 18 - 21 % epiproct length; horn tips extend forward to 85 - 88 % of epiproct length (Fig. 36; Table 1).

Female. Subgenital plate heavily sclerotized and dark, plate covers entire width of sternum 8 from its posterior to anterior edge, sclerotization extends onto posterior third of sternum 7 (Fig. 257, Nelson and Baumann 1989).


Start a Discussion of Sierracapnia yosemite

References

Stonefly Species Sierracapnia yosemite (Little Snowflies)

Taxonomy
Species Range
Resources
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