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Artistic view of a Male Pteronarcys californica (Pteronarcyidae) (Giant Salmonfly) Stonefly Adult from the Gallatin River in Montana
Salmonflies
Pteronarcys californica

The giant Salmonflies of the Western mountains are legendary for their proclivity to elicit consistent dry-fly action and ferocious strikes.

Dorsal view of a Ephemerella mucronata (Ephemerellidae) Mayfly Nymph from the Yakima River in Washington
This is an interesting one. Following the keys in Merritt R.W., Cummins, K.W., and Berg, M.B. (2019) and Jacobus et al. (2014), it keys clearly to Ephemerella. Jacobus et al provide a key to species, but some of the characteristics are tricky to interpret without illustrations. If I didn't make any mistakes, this one keys to Ephemerella mucronata, which has not previously been reported any closer to here than Montana and Alberta. The main character seems to fit well: "Abdominal terga with prominent, paired, subparallel, spiculate ridges." Several illustrations or descriptions of this holarctic species from the US and Europe seem to match, including the body length, tarsal claws and denticles, labial palp, and gill shapes. These sources include including Richard Allen's original description of this species in North America under the now-defunct name E. moffatae in Allen RK (1977) and the figures in this description of the species in Italy.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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Stonefly Species Arsapnia decepta (Little Snowflies)

Species Range

Physical description

Most physical descriptions on Troutnut are direct or slightly edited quotes from the original scientific sources describing or updating the species, although there may be errors in copying them to this website. Such descriptions aren't always definitive, because species often turn out to be more variable than the original describers observed. In some cases, only a single specimen was described! However, they are useful starting points.

Source: Variation In The Epiproct Of Arsapnia Decepta Banks, 1897 (Plecoptera: Capniidae), With Comments On Arsapnia Coyote (Nelson & Baumann 1987)

Male epiproct (n = 2). Length not estimated due to specimen condition and orientation (Figs. 61, 64; Table 5). Width 238 µm. Shape and general features similar to other specimens examined. Setal spines in clusters of 13 - 18 (Table 5, Figs. 61 - 66). Neck width 93 µm (Fig. 64).

Tergal process (n = 3). Tergum 7 bears a broad, sometimes mesally notched, dorsal process 185 µm in width (Figs. 13, 19, 22, 27); dorsal margin concave; and tergum 6 bears a smaller mesal process. Dorsolateral margins bearing a few knob-like scales. Width across anterior margin 172 - 229 µm. ; lateral margins converging only slightly from anterior aspect; process bears lateral patches of small scale-like structures. Width of process across anterior margin 172 - 231 µm; width greater than median height. Bearing a slight notch on the posteromedian margin (Fig. 49 - 52, 57 - 58), and with lateral margins moderately convergent. Dorsolateral lobes on either side of notch covered with conical tubercles. Width of process across anterior margin 100 - 192 µm.


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References

Stonefly Species Arsapnia decepta (Little Snowflies)

Taxonomy
Species Range
Resources
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