Insect Order Diptera (True Flies)

One of the only real benefits I've got from my rearing aquarium so far is that I've had quite a variety of midges emerge, giving me a chance to photograph these fragile little insects which are otherwise really hard to transport in photogenic form. This one recovered from being gassed and flew away before I could photograph it on the ruler, but it was very small, around 1.5mm.

I'm not fully confident in the ID on this one. I couldn't see for sure that there are two equal pads under the tarsal claws instead of three, but it seems that way. The antennae are 4-segmented, although I'm not sure if the last segment counts as a "segment" rather than a "style" or "arista" sticking off the third segment. It has three ocelli. The key characteristics generally point to Empididae except "Vein R4+5 usually branched." That vein certainly isn't branched in this specimen, but the key does say "usually."

This extremely tiny fly was puzzling to identify. I collected it from a sparse mating swarm just above the surface of the river. It just doesn't have the "look" I'm used to seeing in Chironomids, but the key characteristics in Merritt, Cummins, & Berg point that way.

-Maxillary palp apparently with 4 segments, antenna with 6
-I can't see any ocelli and wing venation doesn't seem to match Axymyiidae
-Costa definitely ends at or near apex of the wing (pictured)
-Obvious characteristics and wing venation rule out a few other things
-Simuliidae seems like a possibility due to the broad wings, but bugguide says they're supposed to have more antennal segments (eleven, though a different source says some have ten, at least in the Southern Hemisphere).
-Postnotum with median longitudinal groove (pictured) rules out Ceratopogonidae

So my guess is some kind of chironomid from a genus that doesn't have the classic midge look. There are some like that.

This peculiar midge lived in a case tightly fixed to a rock, with several others of its kind. The case seems to be made of tiny grains of sand. I'm not sure what the function is for the little lines sticking out the front, because they aren't legs.

I'm not sure if this cranefly larva is in the genus Hexatoma or Limnophila, but the habitat suggests Hexatoma. Its coloring is iridescent, and I've never heard of that before. However, there is an insect virus genus Iridovirus which can infect craneflies and causes iridescence. It has not been reported in this region as far as I can tell, but perhaps it is the culprit. It makes for beautiful pictures.

This relatively large, olive-colored midge larva was very abundant in my samples from this little creek in the mountains.

These larvae were all over the submerged rocks in a small mountain stream in the Washington Cascades, tightly adhering to the rocks in their flat, half-disk-shaped cases.

I don't see a lot of green Chironomidae larvae in my samples, so I photographed this one.

This large midge larva is about 3/4" long.