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Lateral view of a Male Baetis (Baetidae) (Blue-Winged Olive) Mayfly Dun from Mystery Creek #43 in New York
Blue-winged Olives
Baetis

Tiny Baetis mayflies are perhaps the most commonly encountered and imitated by anglers on all American trout streams due to their great abundance, widespread distribution, and trout-friendly emergence habits.

Dorsal view of a Skwala (Perlodidae) (Large Springfly) Stonefly Nymph from the Yakima River in Washington
This Skwala nymph still has a couple months left to go before hatching, but it's still a good representative of its species, which was extremely abundant in my sample for a stonefly of this size. It's obvious why the Yakima is known for its Skwala hatch.
27" brown trout, my largest ever. It was the sub-dominant fish in its pool. After this, I hooked the bigger one, but I couldn't land it.
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Northern Caddisflies

This common name refers to only one family. Click its scientific name to learn more.

Caddisfly Family Limnephilidae

These are very rarely called Northern Caddisflies.
This huge family appropriately contains huge caddisflies. Many of its genera are important, but the western genus Dicosmoecus (the Giant Orange Sedge or October Caddis) is especially important as a big-trout hatch.

Limnephilidae contains so many species that it is difficult to generalize about them all. LaFontaine commented on the task in Caddisflies:

The fact that fly fishermen need broad principles of biology, not a collection of exceptions, makes it difficult to handle this family.

I recommend learning which genera or species are prevalent in your area and studying them specifically.
Female Dicosmoecus atripes (Limnephilidae) (October Caddis) Caddisfly Adult from the St. Joe River in Idaho
This specimen is 26 mm.
- Entoman
Dorsal view of a Limnephilidae (Giant Sedges) Caddisfly Larva from unknown in Wisconsin

References

  • LaFontaine, Gary. 1981. Caddisflies. The Lyons Press.

Northern Caddisflies

Scientific Name
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